Charleen T. Chu, MD, PhD
  Department of Pathology
  University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine


       INDEX

  • Biographical
  • Education
         & Training
  • Appointments
  • Honors
  • Publication
  • Research
  • Res. Trainees
  • My Home Page
    • PUBLICATIONS

    Peer-Reviewed Articles:


    1. CT Chu (1989) Functional design and prey capture dynamics in an ecologically generalized surfperch (Embiotocidae) J Zool, Lond 217: 417-440.
    2. CT Chu, DS Rubenstein, JJ Enghild & SV Pizzo (1991) Mechanism of insulin incorporation into a2-macroglobulin: Implications for the study of peptide and growth factor binding Biochemistry 30: 1551-1560.
    3. CT Chu and SV Pizzo (1993) Receptor-mediated antigen delivery into macrophages: Complexing antigen to a2-macroglobulin enhances presentation to T-cells J Immunol 150: 48-58.
    4. UK Misra, CT Chu, DS Rubenstein, G Gawdi & SV Pizzo (1993) Receptor-recognized a2-macroglobulin-methylamine elevates intracellular calcium, inositol phosphates and cyclic AMP in murine peritoneal macrophages Biochem J 290: 885-891.
    5. CT Chu, TD Oury, JJ Enghild & SV Pizzo (1994) Adjuvant-free in vivo targeting: Antigen delivery by a2-macroglobulin enhances antibody formation J Immunol 152: 1538-1545. Selected for abstraction in the 1995 Year Book of Allergy , Asthma & Clinical Immunology, Mosby-Year Book, Inc, St Louis, MO, p. 47-49.
    6. UK Misra, CT Chu, G Gawdi & SV Pizzo (1994) Evidence for a second a2-macroglobulin receptor J Biol Chem 269: 12541-12547.
    7. CT Chu, GC Howard, UK Misra & SV Pizzo (1994) a2-Macroglobulin: A sensor for proteolysis Ann NY Acad of Sci 737: 291-307.
    8. UK Misra, CT Chu, G Gawdi & SV Pizzo (1994) The relationship between LRP/a2M receptors and the newly described a2M signaling receptor J Biol Chem 269: 18303-18306.
    9. XD Ren, AW Dodds, JJ Enghild, CT Chu & SKA Law (1995) The effect of residue 1106 in the thiolester mediated covalent binding reaction of human complement protein C4 and the monomeric rat a macroglobulin a1I3 FEBS Lett 368: 87-91.
    10. DJ Webb, IM Hussaini, AM Weaver, TL Atkins, CT Chu, SV Pizzo, GK Owens & SL Gonias (1995) Activated a2-macroglobulin promotes mitogenesis in rat vascular smooth muscle cells by a mechanism independent of growth-factor-carrier activity Eur J Biochem 234: 714-722.
    11. WD Bradford, D Anthony, CT Chu & SV Pizzo (1996) Career characteristics of graduates of a medical scientist training program, 1970-1990 Acad Med 71: 484-487.
    12. Z Valnickova, IB Thøgersen, S Christensen, CT Chu, SV Pizzo & JJ Enghild (1996) Activated human plasma carboxypeptidase B is retained in the blood by binding to a2-macroglobulin and pregnancy zone protein J Biol Chem 271: 12937-12943.
    13. CT Chu, KD Everiss, CJ Wikstrand, SK Batra, H-J Kung & DD Bigner (1997) Receptor dimerization is not a factor in the signalling activity of a transforming variant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRvIII) Biochem J. 324: 855-861.
    14. CT Chu, LG Leithe, LB Goldstein & CM Hulette (1998) Diagnosis of intracranial vasculitis: A multidisciplinary approach J Neuropath Exp Neurol 57: 30-38.
    15. GB Mackensen, B Nellgård, Y Miura, CT Chu, F Dexter, RD Pearlstein & DS Warner. (1999) Sympathetic ganglionic blockade masks beneficial effect of isoflurane on histologic outcome from near-complete forebrain ischemia in the rat Anesthesiology 90: 873-881.
    16. CT Chu, DN Howell, JC Morgenlander, CM Hulette, RE McLendon & SE Miller. (1999) Electron microscopic diagnosis of human flavivirus encephalitis: Use of confocal microscopy as an aid. Am J Surg Pathol, 23: 1217-1226.
    17. TJ Cummings, CM Hulette, DC Longee, KS Bottom, RE McLendon & CT Chu. (1999) Gliomatosis cerebri: Cytologic and autopsy findings in a case involving the entire neuraxis. Clin Neuropathol 18: 190-197.
    18. CT Chu, J Caruso, T Cummings, J Ervin, C Rosenberg & CM Hulette. (2000) Ubiquitin immunochemistry as a diagnostic aid for community pathologists evaluating patients who have dementia Modern Pathol 13: 420-426.
    19. TJ Cummings, CT Chu, SC Pollock, GK Klintworth. (2000) Optic nerve astrocytoma asociated with angiogenesis and neovascular glaucoma. Ophthalmic Practice 18 :227-230.
    20. Thiels E, Urban NN, Gonzalez-Burgos GR, Kanterewicz BI, Barrionuevo G, Chu CT, Oury TD & Klann E. (2000) Impairment of long-term potentiation and associative memory in mice that overexpress extracellular superoxide dismutase. J Neurosci 20: 7631-7639.
    21. SM Kulich & CT Chu. (2001) Sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation by 6-hydroxydopamine: Implications for Parkinson's disease. J. Neurochem. 77:1058-1066
    22. AM Scarrow, EI Levy, PC Gerszten , SM Kulich, CT Chu, and WC Welch (2001). Epidermoid cyst of the thoracic spine. Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg. 103: 220-222.
    23. CL Fattman, CT Chu, SM Kulich, TD Oury. (2001) Altered expression of extracellular superoxide dismutase in mouse lung after bleomycin treatment. Free Rad. Biol. Med. 31: 1198-1207.
    24. M Estevez, C Chu & M Press. (2002) Small B-cell lymphoma presenting as diffuse dural thickening with cranial neuropathies. J. Neuro-onc, 59: 243-247.
    25. JH Zhu, SM Kulich, TD Oury & CT Chu. (2002) Cytoplasmic aggregates of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases in Lewy body diseases. Am J Pathol 161: 2087-2098.
    26. SM Kulich & CT Chu. (2003) Role of reactive oxygen species in extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase phosphorylation and 6-hydroxydopamine cytotoxicity J Biosci 28: 83-89.
    27. CT Chu & JH Zhu (2003) Subcellular compartmentalization of P-ERK in the Lewy body disease substantia nigra. Ann NY Acad Sci 991: 288-290.
    28. CR Chu, D Lin, J Geisler, CT Chu, FH Fu & Y Pan. (2004) Arthroscopic microscopy of articular cartilage using optical coherence tomography. Am J Sports Med. 32: 699-709.
    29. C Hope, J Mettenburg, SL Gonias, ST DeKosky, MI Kamboh and CT Chu. (2003) Functional analysis of plasma a2-macroglobulin from Alzheimer's disease patients with the A2M intronic deletion. Neurobiology of Disease 14(3): 504-512.
    30. ME Beckner, JYK Lee, SS Schochet Jr, & CT Chu. (2003) Intracranial extramedullary hematopoiesis associated with pilocytic astrocytoma: A case report. Acta Neuropathol, 106: 584-587.
    31. JH Zhu, F Guo, J Shelburne, S Watkins & CT Chu. (2003) Localization of phosphorylated ERK/MAP kinases to mitochondria and autophagosomes in Lewy body diseases. Brain Pathol, 13: 473-481.
    32. ML McClure, DA Linseman, CT Chu, PA Barker, RJ Bouchard, SS Le, TA Laessig and KA Heidenreich. (2004) The p75 neurotrophin receptor mediates autophagy and death of cerebellar Purkinje neurons. J. Neurosci, 24(19): 4498-4509
    33. J Callio, TD Oury & CT Chu (2005) Manganese superoxide dismutase protects against 6-hydroxydopamine injury in mouse brains J Biol Chem, 280:18536-18542.
    34. CT Chu, JH Zhu, G Cao, A Signore, S Wang & J Chen (2005) Apoptosis-inducing factor mediates caspase-independent 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium toxicity in dopaminergic cells. J. Neurochem, In press.
    35. EM Chalovich, JH Zhu, J Caltagarone, R Bowser & CT Chu (2006) Functional repression of cAMP response element in 6-hydroxydopamine-treated neuronal cells. J. Biol. Chem, 281: 17870-17881.
    36. F Koc, S Kargi, AW Biglan, CT Chu & JS Davis (2006) The aetiology in pediatric aphakic glaucoma. Eye, In press.

    Reviews, invited published papers, proceedings of conference and symposia, monographs, books, and book chapters:


    1. CT Chu (1987) Functional Design, Ecology, and Optimality as Exemplified in the Trophic Apparatus of Some Surfperches (Embiotocidae) (Hoopes Prize Undergraduate Thesis), Harvard University Archives, Cambridge, MA.
    2. CT Chu (1993) The Covalent Binding Reaction of a2-Macroglobulin: Effects on Antigen Presentation (Doctoral Dissertation), University Microfilms, Inc, Ann Arbor, MI.
    3. CT Chu and SV Pizzo (1994) Alpha-2-Macroglobulin, complement & biologic defense: Antigens, growth factors, microbial proteases, and receptor ligation (review). Lab Invest 71: 792-812.
    4. CT Chu & GK Klintworth (1999) Applications of microprobe analysis in ocular pathology (invited book chapter). In Biomedical Applications of Microprobe Analysis, 2nd Ed. (P Ingram, JD Shelburne & VL Roggli, Editors) Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
    5. T Cummings, CT Chu, & CM Hulette (1999) Spontaneously ruptured Radtke’s cleft cyst. Brain Pathol, 9: 425-426.
    6. X Wang & CT Chu (2002) Case 324 – A 27-year-old female with three week history of progressive headache, nausea and vomiting (Anaplastic ependymoma in extraventricular location). Electronically published as the October 2002 Anatomic Pathology Case of the Month, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Pathology, http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case324.html.
    7. CT Chu (2003) Book Review: Advances in Neurology Volume 91: Parkinson's Disease (Edited by Ariel Gordin, Seppo Kaakkola and Heikki Teravainen, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia) Brain Pathol 13: 229-230.
    8. JA Ozolek & CT Chu (2003) Pseudogout of the craniocervical junction. Arch Pathol Lab Med 127: 895.
    9. CL Fattman, CT Chu, & TD Oury (2004) Experimental models of asbestos-related diseases, Chapter 10 in Pathology of Asbestos-Associated Diseases 2nd ed. (VL Roggli , TD Oury , T. Sporn, Eds) Springer, NY. pp 256-308.
    10. CT Chu, DJ Levinthal, SM Kulich, EM Chalovich, and DB DeFranco (2004) Oxidative neuronal injury: The dark side of ERK 1/2. (peer-reviewed review) Eur J Biochem, 271: 2060-2066. DOI:10.1111/j.1432-1033.2004.04132.x. (COVER ARTICLE)
    11. D Ionescu, J Engl & CT Chu (2004) Case 389 – A baby girl with a bulging eye (Plexiform neurofibroma and choroidal harmartoma with pseudosensory corpuscles). Electronically published as the May 2004 Anatomic Pathology Case of the Month, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Pathology, http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case389.html.
    12. TJ Cummings, CT Chu, SC Pollock, GK Klintworth. (2004) Continuing Education Credit Article on Optic Nerve Astrocytoma Associated with Angiogenesis and Neovascular Glaucoma. Clinical & Refractive Optometry 15: 208-215.
    13. C Horbinski & CT Chu (2005) Kinase signaling cascades in the mitochondrion: A matter of life or death (peer-reviewed review) Free Rad Biol Med. 38: 2-11.
    14. CT Chu, DJ Levinthal, SM Kulich, EM Chalovich, and DB DeFranco (2004) Oxidative neuronal injury: The dark side of ERK 1/2. (review) Eur J Biochem, 271: 2060-2066.
    15. CT Chu. (2006) Autophagic stress in neuronal injury and disease. (Invited review). J Neuropath Exp Neurol, 65: 423-432.