LABORATORY STUDIES:
Arrows indicate two discrete oligoclonal bands in the CSF, typical for MS. | |
Arrows indicate two diffuse oligoclonal bands in the CSF with blurring or "bridging" due to immune complexes. |
CSF Protein electrophoresis revealed increased permeability of the blood brain barrier and IgG oligoclonal banding (N=2). The oligoclonal bands are a part of an immune complex and demonstrate "bridging".
IgG | 4.61 | 2.8-7.5 | mg/dl |
IgA | <1.10 | -- | mg/dl |
IgM | <0.69 | -- | mg/dl |
Total Protein Electrophoresis -- CSF | |||
Total Protein | 28.0 | 0.0 - 60.0 | mg/dl |
Pre-Albumin | 1.0 | -- | mg/dl |
Albumin CSF | 16.0 | 10.0 - 39.0 | mg/dl |
Alpha 1 and Alpha 2 | 2.0 | -- | mg/dl |
Beta-globulin | 5.0 | -- | mg/dl |
Gamma-globulin | 4.0 | -- | mg/dl |
CSF-Serum Albumin Ratio | 5.8 | 1.7 - 5.7 | X 1000 |
CSF IgG Index | 1.29 | 0.32 - 0.60 | -- |